Framework

Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics

Jakob Nielsen's ten general principles for interaction design — the heuristic-evaluation checklist behind the UX Snapshot's usability lens.

This rubric is the transparent basis for the UX Index methodology.

  • 1.Visibility of system status

    The design should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate, timely feedback.

  • 2.Match between the system and the real world

    Speak the users' language with familiar words, phrases, and concepts; follow real-world conventions so information appears in a natural, logical order.

  • 3.User control and freedom

    Users need a clearly marked emergency exit — undo and redo — to leave an unwanted state without an extended dialogue.

  • 4.Consistency and standards

    Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing; follow platform and industry conventions.

  • 5.Error prevention

    Even better than good error messages is a careful design that prevents problems from occurring in the first place.

  • 6.Recognition rather than recall

    Minimize memory load by making elements, actions, and options visible; the user should not have to remember information from one part of the interface to another.

  • 7.Flexibility and efficiency of use

    Accelerators — unseen by the novice — can speed up interaction for the expert so the design serves both inexperienced and experienced users.

  • 8.Aesthetic and minimalist design

    Interfaces should not contain information that is irrelevant or rarely needed; every extra unit of content competes with the relevant units.

  • 9.Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors

    Error messages should be expressed in plain language, precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.

  • 10.Help and documentation

    It is best if the system needs no documentation, but help may be necessary — easy to search, focused on the user's task, and listing concrete steps.

Cite this framework

Reference this page in your own research, design docs, or audits:

TYPENORM. "Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics." TYPENORM Frameworks Library. https://typenorm.com/labs/frameworks/heuristics

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